The CNC machining industry has made great progress, especially in the design and use of CNC lathes. Different lathe manufacturers use a variety of user interfaces, which can be a challenge for the operator. However, most of these systems are based on the same principle, because the NC lathe is programmed to have similar functions to the products to be manufactured.

Like other CNC machine tools, CNC lathes have become an important part of the manufacturing industry in recent years. There are many use cases for using lathes. It covers automotive, aerospace, and other industries. We can use a CNC lathe to process metal workpieces, and also can produce flat and threaded workpieces.

The selection principle of the CNC lathe is three elements. The selection of CNC lathe uses a single-point cutting tool to remove material from the rotating workpiece. In CNC turning, the CNC lathe machine tool feeds the cutting tool in a linear motion along the surface of the rotating workpiece to remove the material on the circumference until it reaches the required diameter, to produce cylindrical parts with internal and external characteristics. It can be seen that it is particularly important to select a CNC lathe suitable for workpiece processing. The following will introduce the three elements of the selection principle of the CNC lathe.

Selection principle

Determine the basic principle of the three elements: first, determine the anti grasping amount according to the cutting requirements, then look up the table to obtain the feed rate, and then look up the table to calculate the main cutting speed formula. The reasonable choice of cutting quantity is related to many factors, such as lathe, tool, workpiece, and process. The method to reasonably select the processing dose is as follows:

1. During rough machining, high production efficiency shall be ensured. Therefore, a large reverse grasping amount, a large feed rate, and a medium or low cutting speed u shall be selected.

2. During finish machining, it is mainly to ensure the requirements of the size and surface accuracy of the parts. Therefore, a smaller reverse cutting amount, smaller feed rate, and higher cutting speed are selected.

3. During rough machining, it is usually necessary to give full play to the potential of the machine tool and the cutting ability of the tool. During semi-finishing and finishing, CNC lathe factories should focus on how to ensure the processing quality, and on this basis, greatly improve productivity. When selecting the cutting amount, the CNC lathe factory shall ensure that the tool can complete the parts or ensure that the durability of the tool is not less than one shift and not less than half of the working time of the shift. The specific value of the CNC lathe factory shall be selected according to the specifications in the machine tool manual, the durability of the tool, and practical experience.

Selection of reverse grab amount

The selection of reverse gripping amount shall be determined according to the rigidity of the machine tool, fixture, workpiece, and the power of the machine tool. If the processing system allows, please select as many rear knives as possible. In addition to the allowance left for future machining, the remaining rough machining allowance shall be reduced as much as possible to greatly reduce the number of passes. Generally, on medium power machine tools, the post-cutting amount of rough machining is 8 to 10 mm (one side). The semi-finish machining of the CNC lathe is 0.5 to 5 mm, and the precision machining range is 0.2 to 1.5 mm.

Determination of feed speed

When the quality of the workpiece can be guaranteed, a higher feed speed can be selected to improve productivity. When cutting, deep hole machining, or finishing in a CNC lathe factory, it is recommended to select a lower feed speed. The feed speed shall be compatible with the spindle speed and the number of back cutters. During rough machining, the feed selection is limited by the cutting force.

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